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studies may finally explain why we sleep
科学研讨或许总算可以说明咱们为啥要睡觉了
the average human spends 26 years of life sleeping. that’s a lot of zebrafish’s, and for what? interestingly, the question of why we sleep is one of the great mysteries of biology.
人类的终身均匀有26年是在睡觉中度过的。而石斑鱼甚至睡得更久，这是为啥呢？风趣的是，咱们为啥要睡觉这个疑问是生物学最大的疑团之一。
most theorists believe that sleep is of particular importance to the health of the brain or the nervous system. after all, the effects of sleep deprivation usually take a mental toll, often in the form of memory loss, hallucinations or even seizures.
大大都生物学家认为，睡觉关于坚持大脑或神经体系的安康特别重要。究竟，长时刻睡觉缺乏会致使精力妨碍，例如失忆、呈现幻觉甚至癫痫发生。
in fact, a new study published in?nature communications?looked at how sleep deprivation affects the brain. if the brain is deprived of sleep for too long, the brain doesn’t have time to repaired neuronal dna damage that accumulates during waking hours.
实际上，最新宣告在《天然·通讯》杂志上的一篇研讨陈述深化谈论了睡觉缺乏是如何对大脑构成影响的。假定长时刻睡不好觉，大脑就没时刻批改白日堆集的dna神经元的丢掉。
a team of researchers turned to zebrafish for answers. (zebrafish are transparent and their dna and nuclear proteins can be observed with a microscope, making them easy to study.) they discovered that when the fish were awake, broken strands of dna gathered together and chromosomes weren’t active.?
研讨人员将目光转向斑马鱼，以寻求答案。（斑马鱼是一种通明的鱼类，它们的dna和核蛋白可以用显微镜调查到，因而有利于研讨。）研讨人员发现，在斑马鱼清醒状况时，它们体内开裂的dna链集集合在一同，染色体不活泼。
when the fish were asleep however, the dna strands repaired themselves, and the chromosomes were more active. their findings show that animals (and possibly humans, too) need sleep in order for single neurons to rep
air themselves.
可是，当斑马鱼睡着时，它们的dna链会自行批改，染色体也变得活泼起来。这一发现标明，动物（可以也包括人类）需要睡觉，以使单个神经元自我批改。
zebrafish aren’t the only animals worth studying on this issue. in research conducted in 2021, scientists looked at sleep deprivation in mice and were startled to learn that the brain begins to itself when the body isn’t getting enough sleep.
斑马鱼并不是仅有值得研讨睡觉疑问的目标。在2021年打开的一项研讨中，经过对睡觉缺乏的老鼠进行调查，科学家们惊奇地发现，睡觉缺乏会影响大脑的自我恢复。
research published in july 2016 and spearheaded by giulio tononi of the university of wisconsin-madison represents the best evidence yet of what happens when we sleep,?reports new scientist. tononi’s team took slices from the brains of mice before and after sleep.?
据《新科学家》报导，一项由威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的朱利奥·托诺尼牵头、于2016年7月宣告的研讨对咱们睡觉时身领会发生啥进行深化研讨。托诺尼的研讨小组别离搜集了小鼠睡觉前后的大脑切片。
they found that synapses, or connections between neurons, were 18 percent smaller when sampled after a period of sleep. in other words, it seems that the connections between neurons in our brains are being trimmed or weakened while we snooze.
他们发现，睡觉后小鼠大脑切片中的神经突触或神经元联接削减了18%。换句?担谠勖撬跏保竽灾猩窬苯拥牧尤缤诒欢陆鼗蛳魅酢?br>
it may seem anti-intuitive to think about shrinking of the brain as a good thing, but it turns out that a slimmer brain has more room the following day to make new memories, according to a?february 2021 study.?
将大脑减小视为功德如同与直觉相悖，但据2021年2月的一项研讨闪现，减小的大脑在第二天将有更大的空间去回想新的内容。
researchers hypothesize that sleeping allows us to “prune” our memories and fine-tune the lessons we’ve learned while awake,?science alert reports. sleep keeps the mind open to new experiences, and to building memories of those experiences.
据《科学警报》报导称，研讨人员认为睡觉能让咱们“精简”回想，让咱们非常好地吸收清醒状况下学到的常识。睡觉可以让咱们的大脑快速承受新事物，并树立起新的回想。
(全文共403个词)
考研重难点词汇：
deprivation [?depr??ve??n] n. 掠夺；丢掉；革职hallucination [h??lu?s??ne??n] n. 幻觉；幻觉
seizure [?si???r] n. 没收；攫取；捕获；癫痫发生
spearhead [?sp?rhed] n. 锋芒；前锋 vt. 带头；做前锋
prune [pru?n] vi. 删去；削减 vt. 修剪
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