【考研英语】同源文详解138期终身学习(考研英语网课)

文章条理：指出疑问（第一段）——分析缘由（第二至四段）——处置疑问的妨碍（第五段）——提出主张（第六到8段）

ii ①the trouble for now isdemographics. ②although the share of people age 18 to 24 going to college is growing, the population of young adults isshrinkingin the u.s. and europe. ③so collegeenrollmentis largely in decline. ④meanwhile, the population of older workers keeps growing. ⑤by the middle next decade nearly one-quarter of the u. s. workforce will be over 55. ⑥many adults lack the post-high school education and training employers demand.

iii ①a majority of jobs created in the u.s. since 2010 have required workers to havemediumto advanceddigitalskills. ②over the next decade, the percentage of jobs worldwide requiring a college degree or higher will increase, according to a mckinsey global institute analysis.

iv ①as a result efforts are needed to bring adult workers back into the classroom. ② about 17 percent of americans age 25 and older—36 million adults—have some college education but no credential to show for it. ③if all u.s. “near-completers” finished at least anassociate’s degree, incomes would rise by $112 billion, according to the american council on education.

v ①onehurdleis financial aid. ②governmentsubsidiesareoverwhelminglygearedtoward traditional college-age students. ③in the u.s., pell grants, which provide $36.8 billion to low-income students, can’t be used for most of the short-termcertificate-granting programs, including codingboot camps, that older students want.

vi ①government educational grants and loans should be expanded to cover such programs, as abipartisanbill in the u.s. congress would do for pell grants. ②in singapore, the government’s skills futureinitiativeprovides every citizen over 25 a $500creditto enroll in a career-training program, with additional subsidies for those over 40. ③private companies should give their existing employeesincentivesto go back to school while they remain on the job, throughtuitionassistance and opportunities forpromotion.

ⅶ ①colleges should alsoaccommodateworking adults by expanding online classes and giving returning students credits for the skillscultivatedon the job. ②older adultsfarebetter in—and are more likely to graduate from—“accelerated” month long courses than in standard, 18-week semesters.

ⅷ ①most critically, older adults need to besteeredtoward the education that employers want them to have. ②training programsapprenticeshipsthat connect local businesses with students and technical colleges should be expanded.

ii ①the trouble for now isdemographics. ②although the share of people age 18 to 24 going to college is growing, the population of young adults isshrinkingin the u.s. and europe. ③so collegeenrollmentis largely in decline. ④meanwhile, the population of older workers keeps growing. ⑤by the middle next decade nearly one-quarter of the u. s. workforce will be over 55. ⑥many adults lack the post-high school education and training employers demand.
翻译：当前的疑问存在于人员规划特征。尽管18到24岁的人上大学的比例在添加，但在美国和欧洲，青年人数是持续降低的。因而，大学入学率很大程度上正鄙人降。一起，晚年劳作力人数不断添加。到下一个十年中期，将近四分之一的美国劳作力将会跨越55岁。许多成年人短少雇主需要的大学以上的教育和培训。
点评：第二段列数据分析疑问。①句总述疑问地址“人员规划特征”。②③句与④⑤句经过列数字、作比照，具体阐明疑问之一“青年人员与老龄人员比例失衡”。其间②③句指出青年人员呈降低趋势；④⑤句指出老龄劳作力递上升趋势。⑥句阐明疑问之二“青年人受教育和培训缺乏”。

iii ①a majority of jobs created in the u.s. since 2010 have required workers to havemediumto advanceddigitalskills. ②over the next decade, the percentage of jobs worldwide requiring a college degree or higher will increase, according to a mckinsey global institute analysis.
翻译：自2010年以来，美国的大有些作业都需求工我们具有中级到高档的数字技能。麦肯锡全球研讨所的一项分析闪现，在接下来的十年里，全球需求大学或以上文凭的作业岗位比例将会上升。
点评：第三段阐明作业岗位需求高学历已是大势所趋。①②句别离以2010年以来和将来十年两个时刻段来阐明作业岗位对技能和学历的需求，其间①句指出2010年以来美国作业岗位对学历和技能的需求前进，②句则进一步以数据作为支撑，阐明将来作业岗位对学历高需求的比例将会持续上升。

iv ①as a result efforts are needed to bring adult workers back into the classroom. ② about 17 percent of americans age 25 and older—36 million adults—have some college education but no credential to show for it. ③if all u.s. “near-completers” finished at least anassociate’s degree, incomes would rise by $112 billion, according to the american council on education.
翻译：因而，咱们需要尽力将成年人带回教室。在25岁及以上的美国人中，约有17%——360万成年人——承受过大学教育，但却无学位证书证明。根据美国教育委员会数据闪现，假定美国一切的“接近结束者”都获得了至少一个大专学位，那么经济收入将会添加1120亿美元。
点评：第四段以列数据方法阐明成人教育的重要性。①句以 as a result（因而）为标志，结束上述期间对疑问的分析，引出处置办法——将成年人带回教室。②句阐明美国劳作者的教育现状——承受过大学教育却无法证明，③句以if 条件句来做出假定，阐明处置劳作者教育缺失疑问的必要性——收入将添加1120亿美元。

v ①onehurdleis financial aid. ②governmentsubsidiesareoverwhelminglygearedtoward traditional college-age students. ③in the u.s., pell grants, which provide $36.8 billion to low-income students, can’t be used for most of the short-termcertificate-granting programs, including codingboot camps, that older students want.
翻译：（成人教育的）一个妨碍就是经济协助。政府助学金几乎都是面向适龄大学生的。在美国，每年向低收入学生供给368亿协助的佩尔助学金，不能用于编码练习营等大大都高龄学生所需要的短期证书公布项目。
点评：具体阐明处置疑问存在的阻止。①句归纳指出前进成年人教育水平的妨碍是经济协助缺失，②③句阐明其具体体现。②句以国家助学金的捆绑性来阐明成年人承受教育无法获得经济协助，③句则以美国闻名的佩尔助学金的项目捆绑（pell grant）为例进一步作出具体说明。

vi ①government educational grants and loans should be expanded to cover such programs, as abipartisanbill in the u.s. congress would do for pell grants. ②in singapore, the government’s skills futureinitiativeprovides every citizen over 25 a $500creditto enroll in a career-training program, with additional subsidies for those over 40. ③private companies should give their existing employeesincentivesto go back to school while they remain on the job, throughtuitionassistance and opportunities forpromotion.
翻译：政府的教育补助金和告贷大约扩展，将这样的项目包括进入，就像美国国会经过的一项两党法案将会为佩尔助学金所做的那样。在新加坡，政府的“技能将来”方案为每个25岁以上的公民供给500美元的告贷，让他们参加作业培训项目，并为40岁以上的人供给额定补助。私营公司大约经过学费补助和（给予）提升机缘的方法鼓舞现有职工在作业时刻重返学校。
点评：具体论说为处置经济协助疑问政府和公司应做的尽力。①②句主体为政府，③句主体为公司。①句指出政府应将资金规模扩展，掩盖成年人教育项目，②句则举例介绍了新加坡政府的“技能将来方案”（skills future）对成年人教育的资金补助。③句进一步阐明公司应采纳办法鼓舞职工再次承受教育。

ⅶ ①colleges should alsoaccommodateworking adults by expanding online classes and giving returning students credits for the skillscultivatedon the job. ②older adultsfarebetter in—and are more likely to graduate from—“accelerated” month long courses than in standard, 18-week semesters.
翻译：大学也大约经过添加在线课程、给为培育作业技能重返学校的学生学分等方法来习气在职成年人。与标准的18周学期比较，年长的成年人在时长一个月的“加速”课程中体现非常好，也更简略结业。
点评：论说学校为协助成年人承受再教育应做之事。①句为大学提出具体主张以习气成年人学习，如扩展在线课程和给予学分。②句指出这样做的可行性，因为成年人更习气短期速成学习。

ⅷ ①most critically, older adults need to besteeredtoward the education that employers want them to have. ②training programsapprenticeshipsthat connect local businesses with students and technical colleges should be expanded.
翻译：最要害的是，咱们需要引导年纪较大的成年人承受雇主期望他们承受的教育，扩展当地公司与学生和技能学院联络起来的学徒培训项目。
点评：第8段持续提出主张。①句指出（除了政府、公司、学校应作出尽力外，）最重要的是培育成年人的知道、引导他们承受作业所需的教育。②句进一步指出应扩展有关培训项目，为工人添加学习机缘。

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